{"id":5142,"date":"2013-02-26T09:19:34","date_gmt":"2013-02-26T09:19:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/?p=5142"},"modified":"2013-02-27T09:28:44","modified_gmt":"2013-02-27T09:28:44","slug":"cele-mai-bune-reflexe-alimentare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/?p=5142","title":{"rendered":"Cum e cel mai bine s\u0103 m\u00e2nc\u0103m"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Din amalgamul de sfaturi, p\u0103reri \u0219i direc\u021bii despre cum \u0219i ce e bine s\u0103 m\u00e2nc\u0103m, am extras recomand\u0103rile consensuale ale mai multor medici \u0219i nutri\u021bioni\u0219ti francezi de renume.\u00a0 De mare bun sim\u021b. Ce ne recomand\u0103:<\/p>\n<p><b>S\u0103 m\u00e2nc\u0103m variat \u0219i echilibrat<\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201dSuntem cu to\u021bii de acord c\u0103 a avea o alimenta\u021bie variat\u0103 este o \u00a0necesitate\u201d<\/strong>, spune dr. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-5152\" alt=\"Salata verde\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/Salata-verde-300x199.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/Salata-verde-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/Salata-verde-624x415.jpg 624w, https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/Salata-verde.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Jean-Michel Lecerf, \u0219eful departamentului de nutritie de la Institutul Pasteur din Lille.<strong> Trebuie s\u0103 m\u0103n\u00e2nci din toate, varietatea fiind util\u0103 pe plan nutritional.<\/strong> &#8220;S\u0103 m\u00e2nc\u0103m mai pu\u021bine gr\u0103simi \u0219i mai pu\u021bin zah\u0103r nu are sens luat ca atare. <b>Ceea ce conteaz\u0103 este echilibrul energetic raportat la activitatea fizic\u0103&#8221;<\/b>, spune dr. Lecerf. Bombardarea cu regimuri poate fi toxic\u0103 \u0219i ineficient\u0103, dup\u0103 cum arat\u0103 analizele Agen\u021biei Na\u021bionale pentru Siguran\u021ba Alimentelor, Mediului \u0219i Muncii, \u00a0\u00eentr-un raport din 2010 (despre care \u0219i eu am scris aici <a title=\"Riscurile regimurilor de sl\u0103bit 3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/?p=1969\" target=\"_blank\">De ce te \u00eengra\u0219i dup\u0103 un regim de sl\u0103bit<\/a>).<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><b>Echilibrul \u00eentre aportul \u0219i consumul energetic apare ca un concept fundamental al nutritiei favorabile pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>Nici un aliment nu este r\u0103u \u00een sine, dar trebuie avut grij\u0103 la excese<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201dNici un aliment nu este r\u0103u \u00een sine, dar trebuie s\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m s\u0103 m\u0103nc\u0103m, s\u0103 degust\u0103m, acord\u00e2nd prioritate senzatiilor alimentare\u201d<\/strong>, spune Dr. Gerard Apfeldorfer, <em>Groupe de r\u00e9flexion sur l&#8217;ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 et le surpoids (GROS)<\/em>. <strong>Ciocolata, de exemplu, se degust\u0103 \u0219i nu trebuie consumat\u0103 \u00een cantit\u0103\u021bi mari\u201d.<\/strong><br \/>\n<b>Gustarea <\/b><strong><i>\u00e0 la fran\u00e7aise<\/i><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201dMulte studii arat\u0103 c\u0103 oamenii m\u0103n\u00e2nc\u0103 mai mult atunci c\u00e2nd fac \u0219i altceva, ca de exemplu c\u00e2nd sunt \u00een fa\u021ba unui ecran\u201d, spune Pascale Hebel, director al departamentului consum al CREDOC. Exist\u0103 \u00een prezent o tendin\u021b\u0103 de a segmenta \u0219i multiplica mesele, ceea ce duce la cre\u0219terea fluctua\u021biilor glicemice \u0219i de insulin\u0103 \u00a0pe timpul zilei.<br \/>\n<strong>\u201dM\u00e2ncatul \u00een mai multe reprize structurate \u0219i, pe c\u00e2t posibil, la acelea\u0219i ore, regleaz\u0103 sa\u021bietatea, \u00eei face pe oameni mai &#8220;rezonabili&#8221;, \u0219i nu mai m\u00e2nc\u0103 mult&#8221;,<\/strong> spune \u00a0Hebel. Modelul alimentar francez (trei mese pe zi)\u00a0 poate ajuta la reducerea riscului de obezitate, potrivit unui studiu CREDOC din septembrie 2010.<\/p>\n<p><b>Mai multe vegetale<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-5151\" alt=\"IMG_3811\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/IMG_3811-300x200.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/IMG_3811-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/IMG_3811-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/IMG_3811-624x416.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Trebuie s\u0103 acord\u0103m \u00eent\u00e2ietate vegetalelor,<strong> m\u00e2nc\u00e2nd 5 por\u021bii pe zi de legume\u00a0<strong>\u0219i<\/strong> <strong>fructe<\/strong>, conform Programului Na\u021bional de S\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i Nutri\u021bie.<\/strong> Bogate in vitamine, minerale, fibre, beneficiul lor asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii a fost demonstrat \u00een prevenirea bolilor cardiovasculare, a cancerului, diabetului \u0219i obezit\u0103\u021bii. <strong>Produsele din cereale integrale si nuci sunt, de asemenea, foarte recomandate.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b>Aten\u021bie la zah\u0103r! <strong>Numai apa este esen\u021bial\u0103.<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Ar trebui consumate cu modera\u021bie \u0219i chiar <strong>evitate, \u00een special, b\u0103uturile care con\u021bin adaos de fructoz\u0103 \u0219i zaharoz\u0103. Numai apa este esen\u021bial\u0103.<\/strong> \u201dEste clar\u0103 leg\u0103tura dintre b\u0103uturile care con\u021bin zah\u0103r \u0219i riscul crescut de sindrom metabolic (care cre\u0219te riscul de diabet de tip 2 \u0219i a bolilor de inim\u0103)&#8221;, spune Jean-Pierre Despres, cercet\u0103tor la Institutul de Cardiologie \u0219i Pneumologie al spitalului Laval, Quebec. Un studiu publicat in revista american\u0103 \u201dCirculation\u201d, realizat \u00een r\u00e2ndul \u00a0a 42 883 de \u00a0b\u0103rba\u021bi a ar\u0103tat ca un consum zilnic de b\u0103utur\u0103 cu zah\u0103r, 33 cl, cre\u0219tere cu 20% riscul cardiovascular, comparativ cu cei care nu beau sau beau mai putin (nu mai mult de dou\u0103 ori pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103).<br \/>\n<b>Limitarea consumului de sare <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Consumul de sare ar trebui s\u0103 fie limitat prin reducerea aportului de alimente procesate s\u0103rate (carne, br\u00e2nzeturi etc), sus\u021bine Institutul National de Cancer (INCA). M\u0103sura ar putea fi beneficia \u00een prevenirea cancerului, dar \u0219i a bolilor cardiovasculare.<strong> Un studiu american publicat in New England Journal of Medicine, 2010, calculeaz\u0103 beneficiile unei reduceri cu 3 grame de sare pe zi \u00een Statele Unite ale Americii: \u00eentre 50 000 \u0219i 100 000 de infarcturi miocardice mai pu\u021bin \u0219i o sc\u0103dere \u00eentre 40 000 \u0219i 90 000 a deceselor, \u00een general.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Marea Britanie a lansat \u00een 2003 un program de reducere a aportului de sare, prin \u00a0implicarea celor din industria alimentar\u0103, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 fie redus\u0103 cantitatea de sare din produsele alimentare, \u0219i sensibilizarea publicului prin \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea etichet\u0103rii. \u00cen 2000-2001, consumul mediu a fost de 9,5 g pe zi,<strong> \u00een timp ce recomandarea este de 6 g<\/strong>. Un studiu efectuat \u00een 2008 a ar\u0103tat o sc\u0103dere de 0,9 g pe zi.<\/p>\n<p><b>Limitarea aditivilor<\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201dAproximativ 1 000 de noi cazuri de cancer sunt diagnosticate in fiecare zi in Franta<\/strong>, o situa\u021bie foarte \u00eengrijor\u0103toare. \u00a0Acest lucru se datoreaz\u0103 \u00een mare parte factorilor de mediu, inclusiv dieta. Cu toate acestea,<strong> exist\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 aditivi alimentari, cum ar fi BHA, E320 sau celebrul E150 D\u2026.. clasificate drept cancerigene, posibil sau probabil\u201d,<\/strong> spune dr. Laurent Chevallier. Se recomand\u0103 limitarea produselor \u00a0alimentare gata preparate \u0219i prelucrate, care con\u021bin aditivi mul\u021bi, \u0219i privilegierea produsele alimentare care combin\u0103 savoare, calitate nutritiv\u0103 \u0219i timp redus de expirare.<\/p>\n<p><b>Limitarea gr\u0103similor saturate<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Raportul pe 2010 al Organiza\u021biei Mondiale a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii privind starea global\u0103 a bolilor <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-5153\" alt=\"Nuci nedecojite\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/Nuci-nedecojite-300x199.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/Nuci-nedecojite-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/Nuci-nedecojite-624x415.jpg 624w, https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/wp-content\/fileStore\/2013\/02\/Nuci-nedecojite.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>netransmisibile, cuprinde recomand\u0103rile de mai sus. Aceasta \u00eensist\u0103, \u00een special, asupra importan\u021bei\u00a0 limit\u0103rii aportului energetic de gr\u0103simi totale (nu mai mult de 30% din aportul energetic total).<strong> Ea ne <em>invit\u0103<\/em> s\u0103 ne \u021binem departe de gr\u0103simile saturate (preponderent de origine animal\u0103 ) \u00een favoarea celor nesaturate (uleiurile de m\u0103sline, soia, porumb, floarea soarelui sau din nuci, alune, semin\u021be, migdale etc.) \u0219i s\u0103 ne \u00eendrept\u0103m c\u0103tre eliminarea acizilor gra\u0219i \u201dtrans\u201d (margarinele hidrogenate, snacksurile, chipsurile etc.).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Autori: Paul Benkimoun si Pascale Santi, Le Monde, 2012<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Din amalgamul de sfaturi, p\u0103reri \u0219i direc\u021bii despre cum \u0219i ce e bine s\u0103 m\u00e2nc\u0103m, am extras recomand\u0103rile consensuale ale mai multor medici \u0219i nutri\u021bioni\u0219ti francezi de renume.\u00a0 De mare bun sim\u021b. Ce ne&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[296,295,298,297],"class_list":["post-5142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dieta","tag-ce-e-bine-sa-mancam","tag-cum-e-bine-sa-mancam","tag-recomandari-nutritionisti-dieta","tag-uleiul-de-masline-slabeste"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5142"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5159,"href":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5142\/revisions\/5159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dumitra.net\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}